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calculi    
n. 微积分学,结石

微积分学,结石

Calculus \Cal"cu*lus\, n.; pl. {Calculi}. [L, calculus. See
{Calculate}, and {Calcule}.]
1. (Med.) Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the
body, but most frequent in the organs that act as
reservoirs, and in the passages connected with them; as,
biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Math.) A method of computation; any process of reasoning
by the use of symbols; any branch of mathematics that may
involve calculation.
[1913 Webster]

{Barycentric calculus}, a method of treating geometry by
defining a point as the center of gravity of certain other
points to which co["e]fficients or weights are ascribed.


{Calculus of functions}, that branch of mathematics which
treats of the forms of functions that shall satisfy given
conditions.

{Calculus of operations}, that branch of mathematical logic
that treats of all operations that satisfy given
conditions.

{Calculus of probabilities}, the science that treats of the
computation of the probabilities of events, or the
application of numbers to chance.

{Calculus of variations}, a branch of mathematics in which
the laws of dependence which bind the variable quantities
together are themselves subject to change.

{Differential calculus}, a method of investigating
mathematical questions by using the ratio of certain
indefinitely small quantities called differentials. The
problems are primarily of this form: to find how the
change in some variable quantity alters at each instant
the value of a quantity dependent upon it.

{Exponential calculus}, that part of algebra which treats of
exponents.

{Imaginary calculus}, a method of investigating the relations
of real or imaginary quantities by the use of the
imaginary symbols and quantities of algebra.

{Integral calculus}, a method which in the reverse of the
differential, the primary object of which is to learn from
the known ratio of the indefinitely small changes of two
or more magnitudes, the relation of the magnitudes
themselves, or, in other words, from having the
differential of an algebraic expression to find the
expression itself.
[1913 Webster]


Calculi \Cal"cu*li\, n. pl.
See {Calculus}.
[1913 Webster]



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  • Urinary Calculi - Urology - Merck Manual Professional Edition
    Up to 19% of men and 10% of women will develop a urinary calculus by age 70 (2) Calculi vary from microscopic crystalline foci to calculi several centimeters in diameter A large calculus, called a staghorn calculus, can fill an entire renal calyceal system
  • Kidney stones - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
    Kidney stones are hard objects made of minerals and salts in urine They form inside the kidneys You may hear healthcare professionals refer to kidney stones as renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis Kidney stones have various causes These include diet, extra body weight, some health conditions, and some supplements and medicines
  • Kidney Stones: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis Treatment
    What are kidney stones? Kidney stones are solid masses or crystals that form from substances (like minerals, acids and salts) in your kidneys They can be as small as a grain of sand or — rarely — larger than a golf ball Kidney stones are also called renal calculi or nephrolithiasis
  • 910180: Calculi, With Photograph | Labcorp
    In the United States, the incidence of urinary tract calculi is common, with one person in 1000 requiring hospital care and treatment A typical urinary calculus is composed of crystalline substances precipitated in the body
  • Nephrolithiasis: What Is It, Types, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis | Osmosis
    Nephrolithiasis, also known as kidney stones or renal calculi, refers to the presence of stones within the kidneys It is one of the most common kidney diseases in adults
  • Calculus (medicine) - Wikipedia
    A calculus (pl : calculi), often called a stone, is a concretion of material, usually mineral salts, that forms in an organ or duct of the body Formation of calculi is known as lithiasis ( ˌlɪˈθaɪəsɪs ) Stones can cause a number of medical conditions
  • Renal Calculi: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
    Explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of renal calculi (kidney stones) Learn about prevention and post-treatment care for this painful condition affecting the urinary tract
  • Kidney stones - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
    Diagnosis Diagnosis involves the steps that your healthcare professional takes to find out if you have kidney stones Diagnosis also can include testing to find the cause and chemical makeup of kidney stones Your healthcare professional starts by giving you a physical exam You also may need tests such as:
  • Calculi: A Detailed Guide to Their Formation, Types, Clinical . . . - DoveMed
    Calculi, commonly known as stones, are solid particles that form in various parts of the body, primarily in the urinary and biliary systems These stones vary in size, composition, and location, leading to a range of clinical symptoms and complications
  • Bladder Stones: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Removal
    Go to the nearest emergency room (ER) if you have bladder stone signs, including severe pain, difficulty peeing and other worsening symptoms Another name for bladder stones is bladder calculi How common are bladder stones? Only about 5% of all stones that can develop in your urinary system are bladder stones





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