英文字典中文字典


英文字典中文字典51ZiDian.com



中文字典辞典   英文字典 a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z       







请输入英文单字，中文词皆可：

Smalltalk    音标拼音: [sm'ɔlt,ɔk]
The pioneering {object-oriented programming} system
developed in 1972 by the Software Concepts Group, led by {Alan
Kay}, at {Xerox PARC} between 1971 and 1983. It includes a
language, a programming environment, and an extensive object
library.

Smalltalk took the concepts of {class} and {message} from
{Simula-67} and made them all-pervasive. Innovations included
the {bitmap display}, windowing system, and use of a {mouse}.

The {syntax} is very simple. The fundamental construction is
to send a message to an {object}:

object message

or with extra parameters

object message: param1 secondArg: param2 .. nthArg: paramN

where "secondArg:" etc. are considered to be part of the
message name.

Five pseudo-variables are defined: "self", "super", "nil",
"true", "false". "self" is the receiver of the current
message. "super" is used to delegate processing of a message
to the {superclass} of the receiver. "nil" is a reference to
"nothing" (an instance of UndefinedObject). All variables
initially contain a reference to nil. "true" and "false" are
{Booleans}.

In Smalltalk, any message can be sent to any object. The
recipient object itself decides (based on the message name,
also called the "message selector") how to respond to the
message. Because of that, the {multiple inheritance} system
included in the early versions of Smalltalk-80 appeared to be
unused in practice. All modern implementations have single
inheritance, so each class can have at most one superclass.

Early implementations were {interpreted} but all modern ones
use {dynamic translation} (JIT).

Early versions were Smalltalk-72, Smalltalk-74, Smalltalk-76
(inheritance taken from Simula, and concurrency), and
Smalltalk-78, {Smalltalk-80}. Other versions include {Little
Smalltalk}, {Smalltalk/V}, {Kamin's interpreters}. Current
versions are {VisualWorks}, {Squeak}, {VisualAge}, {Dolphin
Smalltalk}, {Object Studio}, {GNU Smalltalk}.

See also: {International Smalltalk Association}.

{UIUC Smalltalk archive (http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/)}.
{FAQ (http://XCF.Berkeley.EDU/pub/misc/smalltalk/FAQ/)}.

{Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.lang.smalltalk}.

["The Smalltalk-76 Programming System Design and
Implementation", D.H. Ingalls, 5th POPL, ACM 1978, pp. 9-16].

(2001-09-11)


请选择你想看的字典辞典：
单词字典翻译
Smalltalk查看　Smalltalk　在百度字典中的解释百度英翻中〔查看〕
Smalltalk查看　Smalltalk　在Google字典中的解释Google英翻中〔查看〕
Smalltalk查看　Smalltalk　在Yahoo字典中的解释Yahoo英翻中〔查看〕

安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!


中文字典英文字典工具:
选择颜色:
输入中英文单字

































































英文字典中文字典相关资料:


  • Find Answers | Carnival Cruise Line
    Online Check-in U S Department of Homeland Security (DHS) requires Carnival Cruise Line to submit a final departure manifest with specific guest information at least 60 minutes prior to
  • Cruise Critic Community
    Carnival Cruise Lines Carnival (Australia) (formerly P O Australia) Celebrity Cruises Celestyal Cruises Costa Cruises Crystal Cunard Line Disney Cruise Line Emerald Yacht Explora Journeys Fred Olsen Cruise Line Hebridean Island Cruises Holland America Line Hurtigruten Lindblad Expeditions National Geographic Marella Cruises (formerly Thomson
  • Online Check-in and Arrival Appointment - Carnival Cruise Line
    Online Check-in U S Department of Homeland Security (DHS) requires Carnival Cruise Line to submit a final departure manifest with specific guest information at least 60 minutes prior to departure All guests are required to provide us with check-in information by completing their Online Check-in and selecting their Arrival Appointment no later than midnight (eastern time) prior to their
  • Carnival Cruise Lines: Ask a Question - Cruise Critic
    Find helpful information and tips about Carnival Cruise Lines Cruises from the Cruise Critic community Learn about recommendations, sailings and ask questions about your next Carnival Cruise Lines cruise Experience all Carnival Cruise Lines has to offer with the help of past, present and future Carnival Cruise Lines cruisers
  • Support Login | Carnival Cruise Line
    Carnival Vacation Protection VIFP Club Away We Go Blog Cruise Destinations Caribbean Cruises Bahamas Cruises Mexico Cruises
  • Carnival Data Breach affecting the Mariner Society of HAL
    The data contained fields indicating it related to the Mariner Society loyalty program run by Holland America, a cruise line brand under Carnival, and included names, dates of birth, genders and data relating to status within the loyalty program
  • Online Check-In, Arrival Appointment and Boarding Pass
    Online Check-In, Arrival Appointment and Boarding Pass U S Department of Homeland Security (DHS) requires Carnival Cruise Line to submit a final departure manifest with specific guest information at least 60 minutes prior to departure
  • LIVE From Carnival Sunrise in RelaxAway, Half Moon Cay . . . - Cruise Critic
    Fun fact: Carnival was my first-ever cruise line way back in the early 1990s when I sailed with my family on a roundtrip Eastern Caribbean voyage from San Juan aboard the original Carnival Tropicale The 12-year-old me fell in love with cruising right then and there, somewhere between Barbados and Martinique!
  • Travel Documentation: U. S. Permanent Residents - Carnival Cruise Line
    Carnival requires guests to provide proper travel documentation in order to travel The documentation is required at embarkation and throughout the cruise and is the responsibility of the guest
  • Carnival Corporation Notice of Data Breach - Cruise Critic
    Has anyone been advised by Carnival that they may of been affected by this recent data breach It doesn't make clear if it's only US information or the entire Carnival group Hopefully it's the former, especially as they're only offering support to those in the US News Releases – Carnival Corpor





中文字典-英文字典  2005-2009