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consols n. 统一公债 统一公债 Consols \ Con" sols\ (? or ?; 277), n. pl. [ A contraction of consolidated ( annuities).] The leading British funded government security. [ 1913 Webster] Note: A considerable part of the public debt of Great Britian, which had been contracted in the form of annuities yielding various rates of interest, was, in 1757, consolidated into one fund at 3 per cent interest, the account of which is kept at the Bank of England. This debt has been diminished and increased at different times, and now constitutes somewhat more than half of the entire national debt. The stocks are transferable, and their value in the market constantly fluctuates; the price at any time being regarded as a gauge of the national prosperity and public confidence. [ 1913 Webster] CONSOLS, Eng. law. This is an abbreviation for consolidated annuities. Formerly when a loan was made, authorized by government, a particular part of the revenue was appropriated for the payment of the interest and of the principal. This was called the fund, and every loan had its fund. In this manner the Aggregate fund originated in 1715; the South Sea fund, in 1717; the General fund, 1617 and the Sinking fund, into which the surplus of these three funds flowed, which, although destined for the diminution of the national debt, was applied to the necessities of the government. These four funds were consolidated into one in the year 1787, under the name of consolidated fund. 2. The income arises from the receipts on account of excise, customs, stamps, and other, perpetual taxes. The charges on it are the interest on and the redemption of the public debt; the civil list; the salaries of the judges and officers of state, and the like. 3. The annual grants on account of the army and navy, and every part of the revenue which is considered temporary, are excluded from this fund. 4. Those persons who lent the money to the government, or their assigns, are entitled to an annuity of three per cent on the amount lent, which, however, is not to be returned, except at the option of the government so that the holders of consols are simply annuitants.
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- 具有血凝性的病毒有哪些 | 百度健康·医学科普
具有血凝性的病毒是指能通过表面蛋白(如血凝素)与红细胞表面受体结合,导致红细胞凝集的病毒。 这类病毒广泛分布在多个病毒科中,例如正黏病毒科、副黏病毒科、黄病毒科等,其血凝性在病毒感染机制、实验室检测及疫苗研发中有重要意义。
- 血凝活性病毒有哪些_39健康网_疾病
血凝活性病毒即血凝素,是由RNA病毒家族中的一个成员,与红细胞表面的糖蛋白相结合,形成复合物,该复合物能与红细胞表面的受体相结合,从而激活补体系统,引起红细胞凝集,进而导致红细胞沉降率增快。
- 病毒的血凝特性 - 百度文库
病毒的血凝特性-病毒的血凝特性 病毒的血凝和血凝抑制现象 1、病毒的血凝(HA)现象 病毒通过其血凝素纤突与红细胞表面的病毒受 体结合后,使红细胞发生凝集的现象,称为病毒的红 细胞凝集现象,简称病毒的血凝现象。
- 病毒的血凝特性 - 百度文库
病毒通过其血凝素纤突与红细胞表面的病毒受 体结合后,使红细胞发生凝集的现象,称为病毒的红 细胞凝集现象,简称病毒的血凝现象。 f血凝素 纤突 血凝来自百度文库纤突 受体 RBC 血凝性病毒 有其受体的红细胞 红细胞凝集(HA现象) f病毒使红细胞发生凝集
- 病毒的血凝试验有何意义 | 百度健康·医学科普
许多病毒(如流感病毒、新冠病毒、麻疹病毒等)表面含有血凝素蛋白,可通过与红细胞结合形成凝集块。 通过观察是否发生凝集,可快速判断样本中是否存在病毒,尤其适用于临床或现场初步筛查。
- 有血凝性的病毒口诀 | 百度健康·医学科普
通过上述分类与口诀,可系统掌握具有血凝性的病毒及其相关特性,为学习或临床实践提供参考。
- 病毒血凝现象 | 百度健康·医学科普
病毒血凝现象 是指 某些病毒表面蛋白(如血凝素)能与红细胞表面受体结合,导致红细胞凝集 的生物学现象。 这一特性广泛用于 病毒检测、分型及疫苗研发,例如流感病毒、麻疹病毒等均具有血凝活性。
- 血凝试验与血凝抑制试验 - 知乎
血凝和血凝抑制:某些病毒和病毒表面的血凝素可以引起人或某些动物的红细胞发生凝集,这种红细胞的凝集现象称为血凝(HA),也称直接血凝反应。 当病毒的悬液中加入特异性抗体,以及这种抗体的量足以抑制病毒颗粒…
- 血凝素_百度百科
血凝素(英文hemagglutinin)是指红血球凝聚素,呈柱状,能与人、鸟、猪豚鼠等动物红细胞表面的受体相结合引起凝血,故而被称作血凝素。 需注意与植物血凝素区分。 血凝素在病毒导入宿主细胞的过程中扮演了重要角色。
- 第二十四章 呼吸道病毒-河南大学药理教研室
血凝集是流感病毒的主要中和抗原,其抗原性最易发生变异。 它是流感病毒亚型划分的另一依据。 按核蛋白的可溶性补体结合抗原的不同,流感病毒被分为甲(A)、乙(B)和丙(C)三型;各型流感病毒又根据其表面血凝素及神经氨酸酶抗原性的不同再分为若干亚型。
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